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Ph.D. or Doctor of Philosophy indeed is an advanced scholarly degree which is being conferred by universities. On average, the duration of study towards obtaining a Ph.D. in Science after masters is usually between three and five years. The primary purpose of earning a Ph.D. in Science is to conduct the research work in a particulat segment of science and thus, contribute to the development of new knowledge in the chosen scientific field. The degree of Ph.D. in Science is offered in core Science subjects such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Mathematics, Computer Science, etc. The course work contains advanced papers, seminars, laboratory research under a guide, independent work, writing and defending a thesis on the research work done.
As for the entrance examinations for the Ph.D. in Sciences, some major tests are CSIR UGC NET, GATE, JEST, NBHM, IIT and JAM, etc. GATE is held every year in the month of February jointly by IISc and 7 IITs for admissions to M.Tech/Ph.D. courses in reputed institutions like IITs, IISc etc. NBHM examination is conducted every year in June/July for NBHM sponsored Ph.D. fellowship. It is worthy to note that many of these entrance exams are taken between January and July of each year. As we know, it is better to visit the official web-site of the university to find out the actual schedule of exams and the dates when they accept application.
Feature
Description
Full Form
Doctor of Philosophy (Science)
Duration
3 - 5 years (full-time), longer for part-time
Course Level
Doctoral
Eligibility
Master's degree in a specific science discipline (e.g., Physics, Chemistry, Biology) with a strong foundation in mathematics and relevant scientific concepts.
Top Colleges (India)
Indian Institute of Science (Bangalore), Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), National Institutes of Science Education and Research (NISERs), Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (Hyderabad), University of Delhi
Entrance Exam
University/Institute specific entrance exams (e.g., CSIR UGC NET, IIT JAM)
Criteria
Description
Master's Degree
Master's degree in a specific science discipline (e.g., Physics, Chemistry, Zoology, Botany, Geology) from a recognized university.
Discipline-Specific Background
A strong academic background in your chosen science discipline is crucial. This might be demonstrated through coursework, research projects, or a relevant Master's thesis.
Strong Foundation in Math
A solid foundation in mathematics is essential for most science disciplines.
Minimum CGPA/Percentage
Specific CGPA or percentage requirements vary by institution and discipline. Generally, a minimum of 55% - 60% in both Master's and Bachelor's degrees is expected (check official websites).
Entrance Exams
Most universities require you to pass an entrance exam specific to their Ph.D. program or discipline (e.g., CSIR UGC NET, IIT JAM).
Stage
Description
Possible Coursework Topics (Examples)
Coursework (First Year)
Advanced science topics, research methodology, electives (may vary)
* Advanced courses in your chosen discipline (e.g., Quantum Mechanics in Physics, Organic Synthesis in Chemistry) * Research Methodology in Science, Scientific Writing, Grant Proposal Writing * Electives in related disciplines (e.g., Bioinformatics, Environmental Science)
Coursework (Later Years)
Specialization courses, research seminars
* Advanced topics within your chosen research area (e.g., Astrophysics in Physics, Medicinal Chemistry) * Research seminars: Present your research and learn from others
Qualifying Exams
Assess your understanding of core concepts and research skills
Written and/or oral exams covering advanced topics in your discipline, research methodology, and your chosen research area.
Specialization
Career Path
Description
Average Salary (INR)
Physics
* Research Scientist (Physics)
Conduct research in various physics subfields (e.g., condensed matter physics, astrophysics).
₹ 8 Lakhs - ₹ 18 Lakhs+
* College/University Professor
Teach physics courses and guide research at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels.
₹ 10 Lakhs - ₹ 20 Lakhs
Chemistry
* Research Scientist (Chemistry)
Conduct research in various chemistry subfields (e.g., organic chemistry, materials chemistry).
₹ 8 Lakhs - ₹ 15 Lakhs+
* R&D Chemist (Industry)
Develop new materials, products, or processes in the chemical industry.
₹ 10 Lakhs - ₹ 18 Lakhs+
Biology (Life Sciences)
* Postdoctoral Researcher
Pursue further advanced research under the guidance of senior scientists (fixed-term positions).
₹ 5 Lakhs - ₹ 8 Lakhs
* Biotechnologist (Research/Industry)
Apply biological principles to develop new technologies in healthcare, agriculture, or other fields.
₹ 8 Lakhs - ₹ 15 Lakhs+
